OUR RESEARCH PROCESS
Interviews With Experts
We spoke to people from the commercial and social sectors of edtech to get a rounded perspective on data governance in schools. Their work profiles ranged from project management and growth to impact evaluation. The interviews covered a wide range of settings as their companies operate in different states like Kerala, Karnataka and Rajasthan to name a few.
Our discussion guides were designed to gather information on:
- Popular understandings of data and technology in India
- Data harm and benefits
- Consent, privacy, and stewardship in the schooling system
- Data governance in education - challenges, and potential solutions

Our questions framed to understand each element of data governance from a multistakeholder lens owing to the interdependence between students and their stewards.

The experts were given a future-facing prompt at the end of our conversation to talk about the challenges and strengths of data governance in education.
Workshops at MozFest

The preliminary insights from our interviews were translated into workshop- activities for a global audience at MozFest 2022.
In the first workshop we used storytelling to discuss different aspects of data governance like consent, stewardship, and interoperability to name a few. You can use this kit to conduct a similar conversation with different stakeholders in your context.

In the second workshop we asked young people to draft headlines from the future to unpack their hopes and fears about data governance. You can conduct the same activity with students in your context using this kit.

Reports

Podcasts

Web articles

Public Education in India
Public education in India
- Central Square Foundation, School education in India: Data, trends, and policies, 2020
- Central Square Foundation, Understanding and solving India's foundational learning crisis, September 2021
- Deccan Chronicle, Teachers spend only 19.1 percent time teaching, September 2018
- Ministry of Human Resource Development, National Education Policy 2020
- The Indian Express, Over 12 crore girls enrolled in schools, only 39% schools have computers: UDISE report, July 2021
- UNESCO Delhi, No teacher, no class: state of the education report for India, 2021
UNICEF New Delhi, The India early childhood education impact study, 2017
Edtech in India
- Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab, Disrupting education? Experimental evidence on technology-aided instruction in India, 2016
Centre for Global Development, Fast-tracking development: A building blocks approach for digital public goods, September 2021 - CNBC TV18, Indian Edtech Consortium aims to protect consumer interest, January 2022
- IT for Change, Arriving at the right platform for e-learning, October 2020
- IT for Change, Making AI work for Indian education, August 2019
- IT for Change, Platform capitalism and edtech, January 2022
IT for Change, The edtech leviathan, January 2022 - Ministry of Human Resource Development, India report: Digital education, June 2020
- Moneycontrol, Pure aggression: Inside Gaurav Munjal and Unacademy’s quest for growth, March 2022
- PwC, Reimagining learning with technology: Building sustainable edtech businesses in India, July 2021
Remote learning during Covid-19
Data governance for education in India
- Bangalore International Centre, When public becomes private - w. Nikhil Pahwa and Mitali Mukherjee, April 2022
- Busara Research, Behavioural experiments in data privacy, 2020
- CORENET, The future of data ecosystems, June 2021
- Internet Freedom Foundation, Securing examination data: No child’s play, July 2021
- Internet Freedom Foundation, Why student data should be students’ data, July 2021
- Ministry of Education, National Digital Education Architecture (NDEAR), July 2021
- The Bastion, Amidst COVID-19, Who is watching over children’s data on ed-tech platforms?, June 2020
- The Bastion, As we may teach, May 2020
- The Economic Times, Vedantu's data breach risked 680,000 customers data, November 2019
- The Hindu, Private schools complain of data breach, May 2021
Beyond India
- Defend Digital Me, The state of data 2020
- 5Rights Foundation, Our rights in a digital world, 2021
- Open Data Institute, Data ethics maturity model, 2022
- TechCrunch, The casualties of China’s education crackdown, September 2021
- The Economist, In poor countries technology can make big improvements to education, November 2019
World Bank, Prioritising learning during Covid-19, January 2022